Sulky-plow.



No. 736,982. PATENTED AUG. 25, 1903.

W. T. M. BRUNNEMER.

SULKY PLOW.

APPLICATION FILED D110. 6. 1901.

no MODEL. a SHEETS-SHEET 1.

No. 736,932. PATENTED AUG. 25.1903.

W. T. M. BRUNNEMER.

SULKY PLOW.

APPLICATION rum) D210. 6. 1901.

no MODEL. 5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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No. 736,932. PATENTED AUG. 25, 1903.

' T. M. BRUNNEMER.

SULKY PLOW nrmoulox rum 15-20. a, 1901.

a sums-sum a.

30 MODEL.

4%77?& S S 6 S TI E NORRIS PETERh GO PHOTO LITHD WAsHINflYON D gN0.7a6,9sz. PATENTBD AUG.25,1903.V

W. T.M. BRUNNEMERJ SULKY PLOW.

APPLICATION FILED D20. 6. 1901.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

N0 MODEL.

UNITED STATES Patented August 25, 10.

. PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM T. M. BRUNNEMER, Oh MONMOUTII, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO MON- IMOUTH PLOW COMPANY, OF MONMOUTH, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

SULKY-PLOW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 736,932, dated August25, 1903. Application filed December 6, 1901. Serial No. 84,948. (Nomodel.)

To aZZ whom it 772/[LZ/ concern.-

Be it known that I, \VIiLIAM T. M. BRUN- NEMER, a citizen of the UnitedStates, resid-' ing at Monmouth, in the county of Warren 5 and State ofIllinois,have invented certain new and useful Improvements inSulky-Plows, of which the following is a specification, reference beinghad -to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to plows, and has for its object to provide certainimprovements in sulky-plows. Such improvements have special reference tothe mechanism for raising and lowering the plow, to the mechanism for x5 controlling the position of the caster-wheel at the rear of the plow,to the mechanism for adjusting the height of the frame with reference tothe furrow-wheel, and generally to the mounting of the plow in theframe, so that when in operation the strain is largely taken from theframe of the machine and sustained by the land and furrow wheels,makingit possible to employ a frame much lighter in construe tion than hasheretofore been practicable.

With regard to the mechanism for raising and loweringthe plowmyinvention provides for automatically tilting the plow in lowering it,so that it enters the ground point first. It also provides forautomatically reversing the position of the plowin raising it out of theground, so that it rises'point first, the one operation facilitating theinsertion of the plow into the ground and the otherits running out ofthe ground. This result is secured by pivotally mounting the plow-beamon a suitable support adapted to move vertically to raise and lower theplow and connecting the opcrating-lever to the beam in advance of thepivot thereof, so that when the lever is oper- 4o ated to lower the plowthe front end of the beam will be tipped downward, while reversemovement of the lever reverses the front end of the beam. In order toeffect such movement of the front end of the beam before the 5 beammoves bodily downward or upward, a controlling device is provided which,in the construction illustrated is near the forward end of the beam,said controllingdevice be:

' controller.

mit upward movement of the front end of the beam to a limited extentwhen the plow is in the ground. for example, when the plow is to belowered the operating-lever is ihrownforward, carrying the front end ofthe beam down to the limit of its movement, as determined by the Duringsuch movement the beam simply rocks on its support without moving bodilydownward. Further forward movement of the lever then causes the pivotalsupport of the beam to move downward, since the forward end of the beamis held against further downward movement by the controller. The resultis that the furrow-opener is first tilted to carry the point of the plowdown, and the plow is then moved to its operative position. In raisingthe plow the operation is the reverse of that described, the controllerpermitting the front end of the beam to rise to the limitof itsmovement, after which further operation of the lever raises the pivotalsupport of the beam, carrying up the rear end thereof and with it theplow.

VVi'th regard to the devices for controlling the position of thecaster-wheel, I provide improved means for holding such caster-wheelnormally in the line of the furrow while the plow is moving in astraight line and for releasing the caster-wheel, so that it is free toturn in either direction when the plow is turned to the right or left.My improvements consist in providing the caster-wheel with the usualcrank-arm and strut-br ace, the forward end of said strut-brace beingpivotally connected to a link adapted to swing ina horizontal plane andconnected to the frame in such position that it is adapted to be inalinement with the strut-brace when the casterwheel is in the line ofthe furrow. The strutbrace and link are moved out of ali'nement wheneverthe plow is turned by a connecting device connected to the furrow-wheeland either to the strut'brace or to the connectinglink, so that when thefurrow-wheel turns on its axis the strut-brace and link are moved eitherto the right or left, and consequently, being moved out of alinement,they no longer lock, and the caster-wheel is released.

The third feature of my invention-to wit, the mechanism for adjustingthe height of the The arrangement is such that,

frame with reference to the furrow-wheel consists in connecting theframe adj ustably to the vertical axle of the furrow-wheel by a swingingcrank or bail adapted to turn about a horizontal axis.

The strain of the plow in operation is transmitted to the land andfurrow wheels through the said pivoted bail and an arch or bail on whichthe beam is pivotally supported, said arch and hail lying approximatelyin the same horizontal plane when the plow is in operative position, sothat the frame proper of the plow receives very little strain, andconsequently may be made much lighter than in prior c011- structionwithout loss of rigidity. This is an important feature of my invention,since it makes it practicable to construct a plow much lighter in weightand at a greatly-reduced cost.

In the drawings I have shown my improvements as embodied in a plow; butI wish it to be understood that while the drawings show the bestembodiment of my invention so far as I am at present advised my inven'tion is not restricted to the specific construction illustrated exceptin so far as such details of construction are particularly claimed.

I shall now describe more particularly the construction and operation ofthe plow illustrated in the drawings.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 isaside elevation showing in fulllines the position of the plow when in operation and in dotted lines theposition of the plow when ready to run out of the ground. Fig. 2 is arear view showing the plow in the position illustrated in full lines inFig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan View. Fig. 4 is a side elevation, some partsbeing broken away, showing the plow in carrying position. Fig. 5 is aside elevation showing the plow in position to be lowered and run intothe ground. Fig. 6 is a partial vertical section illustrating the upperportion of the furrow-wheel axle and the devices for connecting thestrut-brace-operating arm therewith. Fig. 7 is a horizontal section online 7 7 of Fig. 6; and Fig. 8 is a detail, partly in section, of thecaster-wheel spindle and arm.

In the drawings, 10 indicates the frame of the machine, which is ofsuitable shape to support the parts thereof. The plow illustrated in thedrawings being arranged to throw the dirt to the right, the furrow-wheel11 is on the right and the land-wheel 12 on the left, as shown in Fig.3. The land-wheel is mounted upon the outer portion 13 of a crankedaxle, the inner portion 14 thereof being pivotally supported by theframe of the machine. A lateral brace 15 is provided, which is securedto the frame and extends out to near the intermediate portion 16 of saidaxle, forming an extended support for the axle, as shown in Fig; 3.

17 indicates an operating-lever for rocking the land-wheel axle toadjust the height of the frame with reference to the land-wheel. Saidlever 17 is mounted upon the inner portion 14 of said axle and isconnected to the intermediate portion 16 of said axle, near the outerportion thereof, by a link 18 and collar 19. (Best shown in Fig. 4.) Thecollar 19 is tightly clamped on the intermediate portion 16, so that thelever 17 does not rock upon the axle, but when operated rotates theaxle, turning it so that the portions 13 and 14 of said axle approach orrecede from a common horizontal plane, consequently carrying the hub ofthe land-wheel toward or from the plane of the frame of the machine,with the result that the frame is lowered or raised with reference tothe ground. A segmental rack 20 is provided, adapted to receive a dogcarried by the lever 17 and operated by a handlever 21 andconnecting-rod 22 for locking the lever 17 in different positions withrelation to the frame of the machine, and consequently locking the axlein position. The arrangement of the land-wheel axle is such that underordinary operating conditions the intermediate portion 16 of said axlelies in a horizontal position, as indicated in Figs. 1 and 2.

The furrow-wheel 11 is mounted at the lower end of a vertical axle 23,said axle having an outwardly and downwardly inclined spindle 24 at itslower end. The axle 23 is pivoted at its upper end in a frame 24,carried by a bracket 25, which projects from an arch 26, carried at thefront end of the frame of the machine, as shown in Fig. 2. The frame 24is U-shaped, as shown in Fig. 6, to accommodate the inner end of an arm27, which is fitted upon the axle 23 and is keyed thereto by a feather28, as shown in Fig. 6, said feather working in a longitudinal slot 29in the axle 23. By this construction the axle 23 may be moved verticallyin the bracket 24 without carrying with it the arm 27, which remainskeyed to said axle. The lower portion of the axle 23 is connected to theframe of the machine by a bail or crank 30. (Best shown in Figs. 1 and3.) The rear portion of said bail is journaled in a bearing 31, formedin and secured to the frame of the machine. The forward portion of saidbail is pivoted in a bearing 32, having forked arms 33 34, which arefitted upon the axle 23, as best shown in Figs. 1 and 2. Between saidarms 33 34 is a sleeve 35, which is secured to the axle 23 by aset-screw 36, (best shown in Figs. 1 and 4,) by which construction theaxle 23 is free to rotate in the arms 33 34, but said axle may be movedvertically by raising and lowering said arms, which is accomplished byswinging the forward end of the bail 3O upward or downward. Obviouslywhen the axle 23 is raised or lowered the position of the furrow-wheelwith relation to the frame of the machine is varied accordingly. Theswinging of the bail is accomplished by means of a lever 37, pivoted atits front end to a suitable support in the frame of the machine,preferably one of the sides of the arch 26, and connected by a link withthe forward portion of the bail 30.

(Best shown in Fig. 1.) A segmental rack 39 is provided which rises fromthe frame of the machine and is engaged by a dog 40, carried by thelever 37 and operated by a hand-lever 41 and connecting-rod 42, so thatby operating said lever the bail may be rocked and secured in itsdifferent positions of adjustment.

The casterwheel 43 is mounted on the lower inclined portion 45 of aspindle 45 in the usual way, said spindle being fitted in a suitablebearing 46 at the rear end of the frame of the machine. A collar 47,secured to the spindle 45 under the bearing 46, supports the rear end ofthe frame, as shown in Fig. 5.

48 indicates an arm loosely mounted on the spindle 45 above the bearing46. The arm 48 is retained upon the spindle 45 by a pin 49, as shown inFig. 8, and is provided with lugs 50.51, which lie at opposite sides ofthe pin 49 and when the caster-wheel is in operative position engagesaid pin, as shown in Fig. 8. It will be seen, therefore, that the arm48 is free to rotate through an arc of about one hundred and seventydegrees independently of the spindle 45, and by means of the lugs 50 51the tendency of the caster-wheel 43 to turn in toward the land istransmitted to the arm 48. In order to resist this tendency, the arm 48is held normally in the position shown in Fig. 3 substantiallyperpendicular to the line of the furrow by a thrust-bar 52, connected atits rear end to the arm 48 and at its forward end to a pivoted link 53,the forward end of said link being in turn connected to the frame of themachine, as shown in Fig. 54 indicates the pivot connecting saidthrust-bar 52 and link 53.

55 indicates the pivot by which the link 53 is connected to the frame.

As shown in Fig. 3, when the arm 48 is in its normal position thethrust-bar 52 and link 53 are in alinement, so that the end thrust beingin line with the pivots of said thrustbar and link is neutralized, thearm 48 being locked in position. When, however, said thrust-bar and linkare moved outof alinement, the arm 48 is moved forward, releasing thespindle 45 of the caster-wheel and permitting the caster-wheel to turnin either direction. 52 and link 53 out of alinement when the machine isturned, the arm 27 of the furrowwheel axle 23 is connected by a link 56with said pivot 54 or, if desired, with the thrustbar or link, as bestshown in Fig. Said connecting-rod 52 and link 53 are arranged to be inalinement when the pivot 57, which connects the arm 27 with theconnecting-rod 56, is in line with the pivot 54 and the upper end of thefurrow-wheel axle 23, as shown. When, however, the furrow-wheel axle isturned, as is the case when the machine is turned, the arm 27 beingkeyed on the furrow-wheel axle is swung to one side or the other, movingthe thrust-bar 52 and link 53 out of alin'ement and releasing the arm48, so

In order to move the thrust-bar that the caster-wheel may be turnedindependently thereof. This operation takes place in whicheverdirectionthe machine is placed.

58 indicates a bail the ends of which are pivotally supported in theframe of the machine, as best shown in Figs. 3 and 5.

59 indicates the plow-beam, which is pivotally mounted centrally uponthe bail, preferably by means of a bracket 60, as shown in Fig. 5.

61 indicates the furrow-opener, which, as

shown, consists of an ordinary moldboardplow, and 62 the draftconnections at the front end of the beam.

63 indicates a controlling device consisting of a bar the lower end ofwhich is pivoted to the front end of the beam, its upper end beingfitted in a bracket 64, secured upon the arch 26 of the frame andprojecting forward, as shown in Fig. 5. The upper'end of the bar 63passes through a suitable slot 65 in the bracket 64 and is provided witha pin 66 above said bracket, which prevents downward movement of the bar63 beyond a predetermined point.

67 indicates a spring the rear end of which is connected, preferably, bya bracket 68 to the plow-beam at apoint adjacent to the bracket 60 andat its forward end is connected by a pin 69 to the bar 63 near its lowerend. The pin 69 serves also as alimited stop to prevent the bar 63moving up beyond a predetermined point, since by its engagement with theunder side of the bracket 64 it prevents such excessive upward movement,

7 0 indicates an arch or bail, also secured to the frame of the machineand extending, preferably, in a vertical plane, as shown in Fig. 5. Saidarch 70 serves as a support for alifting-lever 71, which is mounted on apivot 72, secured in the upper portion of the arch 70, as shown in Fig.5. The lever 71 is of the be1l-crank variety, having an arm 73, whichprojects forward of the arch 70, as shown in Fig. 5. Said arm 73 isconnected by a link 74 with the plow-beam 59 at a point in advance ofthe bracket 60.

WVhen the plow is in its elevated position, such as that shown in Figs.4 and 5, the bail 58, on which it is mounted, is in an inclinedposition, being inclined upward from front to rear, as shown in Fig. 5.WVhen, however, the plow is in the ground, as shown in Fig. 1, the bail58 assumes a substantially horizontal position, as shown, the bail 58then lying substantially in the plane of the bail 30 and theintermediate portion 16 of the land-wheel axle, so that the strain inoperating is transmitted directly to the wheels without passing throughthe frame to any considerable extent, consequently making it practicableto employ a frame of lighter construction with out loss of rigidity.

The operation of the raising and lowering devices is as follows:Assuming the plow to be in its carrying position, (shown in Fig. 4,)

vIIIIO the parts will then be as illustrated in said figure, thelifting-lever 71 being in substantially a'horizontal position, as shown.To lower the plow, the lever 71 is thrown upward and forward, by whichoperation downward pressure is applied to the plow-beam in advance ofits pivot through the arm 73 of said lever and the link 74. The effectof this is to depress the forward end of the beam, carrying it down tothe position shown in Fig. 5, the controller 63 serving to limit furtherdownward movement when the beam has been moved to the positionillustrated. When the lever 71 advances beyond the position shown inFig. 5, the forward portion of the beam being incapable of furtherdownward movement, the downward pressure is transmitted to the bail 58,which then swings downward and backward, carrying the plow down to theposition shown in full lines in Fig. 1, at the same time stretching thespring 67. The plow is then in operative position, it being understoodthat while the operation just described is taking place the operator hasalso thrown the lever 17 back to raise the land-wheel with reference tothe frame to the position shown in Fig. 1. It will be noted that thespring 67 will then act substantially in line with the draft, andconsequently, owing to the mounting of the beam, then has substantiallyno lifting effect. .To raise the plow, the operation is the reverse ofthat just described. The lever 71 being thrown backward, the forwardportion of the beam is drawn upward bymeans of the link 7 4, tilting theplow, so that its point is directed upward, as indicated by dotted linesin Fig. 1. This carries the controller 63 up until its point 69 strikesthe bracket 64:, when further backward movement of the lever 71 operatesto swing the bail 58, carrying the rear portion of the beam upward. Thespring 67 assists in this operation, and its action is promoted byreason of the fact that the carrying up of the'forward end of the springby reason of the forward movement of the controller 63 transfers theapplication of the power of the spring to a more favorable position withreference to the bail, consequently increasing its efficiency. It willthus be seen that however the plow is adjusted, either to move it intothe ground or out of it, the point is properly directed so as tofacilitate the operation.

That which I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by LettersPatent, is-

1. In a sulky-plow, the combination of a machine-frame, a furrow-wheel,a land-wheel, axles for said land and furrow wheels, a furrow-opener,draft devices connected there-- with, and means supported in the frameand adapted to transmit the draft strain of the furrow-opener to saidland and furrow wheel axles without applying it to the frame,substantially as described.

2. In a sulky-plow, the combination with a machine-frame, a land-wheel,a crank-axle therefor, a furrow-wheel, an axle therefor, a

bail connecting said furrow-wheel axle with the machine-frame, afurrow-opener, a bail carrying said furrow-opener and pivotallysupported by the frame of the machine, said bails and crank-axle beingadapted to lie in substantially horizontal planes when the furrow-openeris in operative position, substantially as described.

3. In a sulky-plow, the combination with a machine-frame, a land-wheel,a crank-axle therefor, a furrow-wheel, an axle therefor, a bailconnecting said furrow-wheel axle with the machine-frame, afurrow-opener, and a bail carrying said furrow-opener and pivotallysupported by the frame of the machine, said bails and crank-axle beingadapted to lie substantially in the same horizontal plane when thefurrow-opener is in operative position, substantially as described.

4. In a sulky-plow, the combination of a machine-frame, a furrow-wheel,a vertical axle therefor, a bail pivotally mounted in the machine-frameand pivotally connected to said furrow-wheel axle, means preventinglongitudinal movement of said axle independently of said bail, and meansfor vertically adjusting said bail to adjust the position of saidfurrow-wheel with reference to the frame of the machine, substantiallyas described.

5. In a sulky-plow, the combination of a machine-frame, a furrow-wheel,a vertical axle therefor, a bail pivotally mounted in the machine-frameand pivotally connected to said furro w-wh eel axle, in cans preventinglongitudinal movement of said axle independently of said bail, a leverfor adjusting said bail, and means for locking said lever in differentpositions for adjustment, substantially as described.

6. In a sulky-plow, the combination of a machine-frame, a furrow-wheel,a verticallydisposed axle for said furrow-wheel, a bail pivoted at itsrear end in the frame of the machine, a bracket pivotally connected tothe forward portion of said bail, arms carried by said bracket andembracing said furrowwheel axle, a collar fixedly secured to said axlebetween 'said arms, and means for vertically adjusting the forwardportion of said bail, substantially as described. 7. In an agriculturalimplement,-the combination of a machine-frame, a caster-wheel carried atthe rear end thereof and adapted to swing about a substantially verticalaxis, an arm connected to the pivot of said casterwheel, a thrust-barconnected to said arm, a link pivoted to the forward end of saidthrustbar and to the frame of the machine, said thrust-bar and linkbeing adapted to lie in alinement when the caster-wheel is in its normalposition, a wheel mounted in the forward portion of the frame andadapted to swing about a substantially vertical axis, and means operatedby the swinging of saidlatter wheel upon its axis for moving saidthrust-bar and link out of alinement, substantially asdescribed.

8. In an agricultural implement, the combination of a machine-frame, acaster-wheel carried at the rear end thereof and adapted to swing abouta substantially vertical axis, an arm connected to the pivot of saidcasterwheel, a thrust-bar connected to said arm, a link pivoted to theforward end of said thrustbar and to the frame of the machine, saidthrust-bar and link being adapted to lie in alinement when thecaster-wheel is in its normal position, a furrow-wheel carried by saidframe and adapted to swing about a substantially vertical axis, an armcarried by the axle of said f urrow-wheel, a link connected to saidlast-mentioned arm and acting to move said thrust-bar and saidfirst-mentioned link out of alinement when the furrow-wheel swings outof its normal position, substantially as described.

9. In an agricultural implement, the combination of a machine-frame, acaster-wheel carried at the rear end thereof and adapted to swing abouta substantially vertical axis, an arm connected to the pivot of saidcasterwheel, a thrust-bar connected to said arm, a link pivoted to theforward end of said thrustbar and to the frame of the machine, saidthrust-bar and link being adapted to lie in alinement when thecaster-wheel is in its normal position, a furrow-wheel carried by saidframe and adapted to swing about a substantially vertical axis, an armcarried by the axle of said furrow-wheel, a link connected to the pivotof said thrust-bar and said first-men tioned link for moving saidthrust-bar and link out of alinement when said furrow-wheel swings outof its normal position, substantially as described.

10. In an agricultural implement, the combination of a machine-frame, afurrow-wheel pivoted to swing about a substantially vertical axis, acaster-Wheel carried at the rear portion of said frame and adapted toswing about a substantially vertical axis, an arm carried by the pivotof said caster-wheel, a thrust bar connected to said arm, means adaptedto resist the thrust of said thrust-bar when said caster-wheel is in itsnormal position, means operated by the rotation of said furrow-wheel forreleasing said thrust-bar when said furrow-wheel is moved out of itsnormal position, and means for vertically adj usting the furrow-wheelwith reference to the frame, substantially as described.

11. In an agricultural implement, the combination of a machine-frame,afurro'w-wheel, a vertical axle for said furrow-wheel, means foradjusting said axle vertically with reference to the machine-frame,'anarm carried by said furrow-whecl axle and iioirrotatably securedthereto, said axle being vertically movable independcntly of said arm, acaster-wheel pivoted to swing about a substantially vertical axis, anarm carried by said caster-wheel, a thrust-bar connected to saidcaster-wheel arm, and means operated by the swinging of saidfurrow-wheel arm for looking or releassaid furrow-wheel axle andnon-rotatab ly secured thereto, said axle being vertically movableindependently of said arm, a caster-wheel pivoted to swing about asubstantially vertical axis, an arm carried by said caster-wheel, athrust-bar connected to said caster-wheel arm, a link pivoted to theforward end of said thrust-bar and to the machine frame and adapted tolie in alinement with said thrustbar, and means operated by the swingingof said furrow-wheel arm for moving said thrustbar and link out ofalinement when the furrow-wheel moves out of its normal position,substantially as described.

13. In an agricultural implement, the combination of a machine-frame, af u rrow-wheel, a vertical axle for said furrow-wheel, means foradjusting said axle vertically with reference to the machine-frame, anarm carried by said furrow-wheel axle and non-rotatably secured thereto,said axle being vertically movable independently of said arm, acaster-wheel pivoted to swing about a substantially vertical axis, anarm carried by said caster-wheel, a thrust-bar connected to saidcaster-wheel arm, a link pivoted to the forward end of said thrust-barand to the machine frame and adapted to lie in alinement with saidthrustbar, and a link connecting saidfurrow-wheel arm With the forwardportion of the thrustbar for releasing said thrust-bar when thefurrow-wheel moves out of its normal position, substantially asdescribed.

14:. In a plow, the combination of a machineframe, a bail pivotallymounted therein, a

plow-beam pivoted upon said bail, said bail being adapted to be rockedbackward and downward to carry the plow in to operative position, a barpivoted at its lower end to the forward portion of the plow-beam and adjustably mounted in a'suitable support at its upper end, a springconnected at its rear end to the plow-beam and at its forward end to thelower portion of said bar, and means for moving said bar upward to carrythe forward portion of the spring upward, whereby the power of thespring will be applied at a more favorable angle in lifting the plow,substantially as described.

15. I11 aplow, the combination of amachineframe, a bail pivoted thereina plow-beam pivoted upon said bail, said bail being arranged to swingupward an d forward to raise the plow out of operative position, aspring connected at its rear end with said beam, a support connected tothe forward portion of the plowbeam, the forward end of said springbeing connected to said support,and means for rock ing the beam uponsaid bail to carry the forward end of said beam upward in advance of therear end thereof in lifting the plow, whereby the power of the springwill be applied to the bail at a more favorable angle in lifting theplow, substantially as described.

16. In a plow, the combination of a machineframe, abail pivotedtherein,a plowbeam pivoted upon said bail, said bail being adapted toswing upward and forward to raise the plow,

a bar pivoted at its lower end to the forward portion of said beam, aguide for the upper portion of said bar, a spring connected at itsforward end to the lower portion of said bar and at" its rear end withsaid beam, and lever mechanism for swinging the beam upon said bail tomove the forward end thereof upward in advance of the rear end thereofin raising the plow, and the forward end of said beam downward inadvance of the rear end thereof in lowering the plow, substantially asdoscribed.

17. In a plow,the combination of a machineframe,a bail pivoted therein,aplow-beam pivotally mounted upon said bail, means for swinging said beamupon said bail independ ently of movement of the bail, to direct thepoint of the plow downward in lowering the plow and to direct it upwardin raising the plow, and controlling mechanism adapted to permit limitedrocking movement of the beam independently of movement of the bail,substantially as described.

18. In a plow, the combination of a machineframe, a plow-beam, a pivotalsupport upon which said beam is mounted, said pivotal support beingadjustable to raise the plow out of the ground or to lower it into theground, means for tilting the plow-beam upon its support independentlyof movement thereof, to direct the point of the plow upward or downward,and controlling mechanism adapted to permit limited rocking movement ofthe beam upon its support independently of vertical movement of thesupport, substantially as described. I

19. In a plow the combination of a machineframe,a bail pivoted therein,aplow-beam pivoted upon said bail, said bail being adapted to assume aninclined position when the plow is out of operative position, acontroller near the forward end of the plow-beam for limiting thevertical movement thereof in either direction, and means for rockingsaid beam upon the bail to direct the point of the plow upwardordownward, and a controller for limiting the movement of the plow-beamin either direction, substantially as described.

20. In apl0w,the combination of amachineframe, a bail pivoted therein, aplow-beam pivoted upon said bail, said bail being adapted to assume-aninclined position whenthe plow is out of operative position, acontroller near the forward end of the plow-beamfor limiting thevertical movement thereof in either direction, and means acting on saidbeam between said bail and said controller for rocking said beam,substantially as and for the purpose specified.

21. In a plow, the combination of a machineframe, a bail pivotedtherein,a plow-beam pivoted upon said bail, said bail being adapted toassume an inclined position when the plow is out of operative position,a controller near the forward end of the plow-beam forlimiting thevertical movement thereof in either direction, and lever mechanismoperating on said beam for rocking said beam and said bail,substantially as described.

22. In a plow,the combination of a machineframe, a bail pivotallysupported thereby, a plow-beam pivoted upon said bail, a controllerconnected to the forward portion of said beam for limiting the verticalmovement thereof in either direction, anarch supported upon the frame ofthe machine, a lever carried by said arch, an arm carried by said lever,and means connecting said arm with said beam at a point forward of saidbail, substantially as described.

23. In a plow,the combination of a machineframe, a bail pivotallysupported thereby, a plow-beam pivoted upon said bail, a controllerconnected to the forward portion of said beam for limiting the verticalmovement thereof in either direction, an arch supported upon the frameof the machine, a lever carried by said arch, an arm carried by saidlever, means connecting said arm. with said beam at a point forward ofsaid bail, and a spring connected to said beam and to said controller,substan tially as described.

24. In a plow,the combination of a machineframe,abail pivoted therein, aplow-beam pivotally mounted upon said bail, and means for rocking thebeam upon the bail before the bail is swung, said means acting also toswing said bail to raise and lower the plow, substantially as described.

25. In a plow, the combination of a machineframe, a bail pivotallysupported thereby, a beam pivotallymounted upon said bail, a controllerconnected with the front portion of said beam and with the frame forlimiting the vertical movement of the bcam,said controller being looselyconnected at one of its ends, and means for swinging said beam upon saidbail, substantially as described.

26. In a plow, the combination of a machineframe, wheels therefor, afurrow-opener carried by said machine-frame, and means for relieving themachine-frame from the draft upon the furrow-opener when the latter isin operative position, substantially as described.

27. In a plow,the combination of a machineframe, a bail pivotallysupported thereby, a plow-beam pivoted upon said bail, a controllerpivotally connected at one end with the forward portion of the plow-beamand movably connected at the other end with a suitable support forlimiting the vertical movement of the beam, an operating-lever supportedon the frame of the machine, an arm carried by said lever, and meansconnecting said arm with said beam forward of the bail and in the rearof said controller, substantially as described.

28. In aplow, the combination of a machineframe, a bail pivotedtherein,a plow-beam pivotallymounted upon said bail, a controller forlimitin g the vertical movement of the front portion of said beam, and aspring connected with said controller and with said beam, substantiallyas described.

29. In aplow, the combination of a m achine' frame,abail pivotedtherein, a plow-beam pivotally mounted upon said bail, a controller forlimiting the vertical movement of the front portion of said beam, aspring connected with said controller and with said beam, and means forrocking said beam upon said bail, substantially as described.

30. In an agricultural implement, the combination of a plow, alifting-spring having normally substantially no lifting effect on theplow when the latter is in operative position, said spring beingconnected at its rear end with a plow-beam and at its forward end with asuitable support, and means for varying the position of the front end ofsaid spring to cause it to exert lifting stress on the plow,substantially as described.

31. In an agricultural implement, the combination of a plow, alifting-spring, connected at its rear end with the plow-beam and at itsforward end with a'suitable support, means for varying the position ofthe front end of said spring to increase its lifting stress on the plow,and means for rocking the plow to direct the point thereof upward forrunning it out of the ground, substantially as described.

32. In an agricultural implement, the combination of a machine-frame, aplow, a lifting-spring connected with the plow and adjustably connectedwith the machine-frame, lever mechanism for raising and lowering theplow, and means for automatically adjusting the connection between thespring and the machine-frame to vary the action of the spring upon theplow, substantially as described.

In an agricultural implement, the combination of a machine-frame, aplow, a lifting-spring connected-with the plow and adjustably connectedwith the machine-frame, lever mechanism for raising and lowering theplow, and means for automatically adjusting the connection between thespring and the machine-frame to increase the lifting effect of thespring upon the plow when the lever mechanism is operated to raisetheplow, substantially as described.

34:. In an agricultural implement, the combination of a machine-frame, acaster-wheel, a bar which controls the swinging of the easter-wheel inone direction, means mounted on the machine-frame for locking said barin operative position when the caster-wheel is in its normal position,and means operated by variation of the line of draft from the normal forunlocking said bar, substantially as described.

35. In an agricultural implement, the combination of a machine-frame, arear casterwheel, a front caster-wheel, a bar which controls theswinging of the rear caster-wheel in one direction, means mounted on themachineframe for locking said bar in operative position when the frontcaster-wheel is in its normal position, and means operated by theswinging of said front caster-wheel in either direction for unlockingsaid bar, substantially as described.

In an agricultural implement, the combination of a machine-frame, acaster-wheel, a bar which controls the swinging of the easter-wheel inone direction, a pivoted link carried by the machine-frame adapted tomove into alinement with said bar for locking the same in operativeposition, and means operated by variation of the line of draft from thenormal for unlocking said bar, substantially as described.

37. In an agricultural implement, the combination of a machine-frame, arear cast-crwheel, a front caster-wheel, a bar which controls theswinging of the rear caster-wheel in one direction, a pivoted linkcarried by the machine-frame and movable into alinement with said barfor locking the same in operative position, and means operated by theswinging of said front caster-wheel out of its normal position forunlocking said bar, substantially as described.

38. In an agricultural implement, the combination of a machine-frame, abail pivotally mounted therein, a plow-beam pivoted near its rearportion upon said bail, and a spring connected at its rear end with saidplow-beam and at its forward end with a suitable support, substantiallyas described.

39. In an agricultural implement, the combination of a machine-frame, abail pivotally mounted therein, a plow-beam pivoted near its rearportion upon said bail, a spring connected at its rear end with saidp1ow-beam and at its forward end with a suitable support, and alifting-lever connected with said bail, substantially as described.

40. In a plow,the combination of a machineframe, a bail pivoted therein,a plow-beam pivotally mounted upon said bail, a controller connectedwith the front portion of the plowbeam for limitin the ve rticalmovement thereof, and a spring connected with said controller and withsaid beam,substantiallyasdescribed.

41. In a plow, the combination of a machineframe, a bail pivotedtherein, a plow-beam pivotallymounted upon said bail, a controllerconnected with the front portion of the plowbeam for limiting thevertical movementthereof, a spring connected with said controller andwith said beam, and means for rocking said beam upon said bail,substantially as described.

42. In a plow,the combination of a machineframe, a bail pivotallysupported thereby, a plow-beam pivoted upon said bail, a controllerpivotally connected at one end to the forward IIO pivotally connected atone end to the forward portion of said beam and movably connected at theother end with a suitable support for limitin the vertical movement ofthe beam in 15 either direction,an arch carried by said frame,

a lever carried by said arch, an arm carried by said lever, meansconnecting said arm with said beam at a point forward of said beam, anda spring connected to said beam and to 20 said controller, substantiallyas described.

XVILLIAM T. M. BRUN-NEMER.

WVitnesses:

H. B. WEBs'rER, N. E. JoHNsoN.

